Patient Education

Thyroid Disease

The thyroid is a small gland in the neck that produces hormones that help regulate energy, metabolism, heart rate, body temperature, and many other body functions.

Thyroid disease occurs when the thyroid makes too little or too much thyroid hormone, becomes enlarged, or develops nodules. Many thyroid conditions can be effectively managed with appropriate evaluation, treatment, and ongoing monitoring.

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Common Symptoms

Thyroid problems can cause a wide range of symptoms depending on whether the thyroid is underactive or overactive.

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  • Fatigue

  • Unexplained weight gain or weight loss

  • Feeling unusually cold or hot

  • Changes in heart rate

  • Dry skin or hair changes

Because these symptoms can have many causes, blood testing and a medical evaluation are important.

Common Thyroid Conditions

Hypothyroidism infographic stating that the thyroid does not make enough thyroid hormone, with a downward arrow icon.
Hyperthyroidism infographic with an upward arrow and text explaining that the thyroid makes too much thyroid hormone.

  • Constipation or more frequent bowel movements

  • Anxiety, irritability, or mood changes

  • Difficulty sleeping

  • Changes in menstrual periods

  • Swelling or a lump in the neck

Infographic explaining thyroid nodules as lumps that develop within the thyroid gland; most are benign, but some require additional testing or monitoring.
Graphic explaining goiter, an enlarged thyroid gland that may occur with several thyroid conditions.

Understanding Your Thyroid Tests

Illustration of a laboratory flask beside text explaining that thyroid-stimulating hormone regulates thyroid hormone production.
Free T4 thyroid hormone test graphic with the message, “Measure the amount of available thyroid hormone in your body.”

Managing Thyroid Disease

Treatment depends on the type of thyroid condition and may include:

  • Thyroid hormone replacement

  • Medications to reduce thyroid hormone production

  • Regular blood testing

  • Monitoring thyroid nodules

  • Additional imaging or specialist evaluation when appropriate

Thyroid Care Close to Home

At Loganville Family Medicine, we provide evaluation, laboratory testing, medication management, and ongoing monitoring for common thyroid conditions.
If additional testing or specialty care is needed, our providers can help guide you through the next steps.

Visit these websites for additional information:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK/NIH) • ‍ American Thyroid Association (ATA)‍ ‍

Ready to Take the Next Step?

Schedule a consultation with our primary care team to discuss thyroid symptoms or review your test results. ‍

☎️ 770-466-8672